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Excel NPV Formula

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=NPV(rate, value1, [value2], ...)

Quick context

  • • Works in both Excel and Google Sheets.
  • • Use when you need consistent, auditable results.
  • • Copy the snippet above and adjust only the ranges.

When to use

Learn how to use the Excel NPV Formula formula.

Why you need this

Net Present Value (NPV) determines the current value of a future stream of cash flows, discounted by a specific rate (WACC).

Critical Note: Excel's NPV function assumes the first value occurs at the end of the first period. If your initial investment is today (period 0), subtract it outside the function.

Disclaimer: While we strive for accuracy, these formulas are provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. Please verify all results before use.

Manual Risk Detected

Excel's NPV timing assumption (end-of-period) causes millions in valuation errors annually.

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